No, not all wisdom teeth need to be extracted, and in many cases, they can remain in the mouth without causing any issues. Wisdom teeth, or third molars, are the last adult teeth to emerge, typically appearing between the ages of 17 and 25.
For some people, they erupt without complications and function just like any other molar. However, for many others, they can lead to discomfort, crowding, infection or even damage to neighbouring teeth.
Despite their troublesome reputation, removing wisdom teeth is not always necessary. In fact, it has been found that only around 12% of wisdom teeth need to be removed due to immediate clinical problems. This means that the majority of people can keep theirs with minimal or no issues, provided they are healthy and monitored regularly.
What Causes Problems With Wisdom Teeth?
Wisdom teeth often cause issues because they erupt into a mouth that has already reached full capacity. Without adequate space, these molars may grow in at odd angles, partially emerge or remain completely trapped under the gum – a condition known as impaction. Impacted or misaligned wisdom teeth can lead to pain, swelling, gum infection and in some cases, cysts or damage to adjacent teeth.
Wisdom teeth may need to be extracted when they erupt into a mouth that has already reached full capacity.
How Do Dentists Decide Whether Wisdom Tooth Removal Is Necessary?
Dentists consider several factors before recommending wisdom tooth extractions. These include:
- Pain or discomfort
- Recurrent infections
- Gum disease or tooth decay in the wisdom tooth or surrounding teeth
- The presence of cysts or other growths
- Damage to neighbouring teeth
If the tooth is impacted or positioned in a way that is likely to cause problems in future, proactive removal may be advised.
Can Wisdom Teeth Be left Alone If They Aren’t Causing Any Pain?
Yes, if wisdom teeth are fully erupted, properly aligned and not causing pain or other dental problems, they can usually be left alone. Regular monitoring through routine dental check-ups and X-rays can help ensure that no hidden issues are developing. In some cases, even partially erupted wisdom teeth can be managed non-surgically with careful hygiene and observation.
What Are The Risks Of Keeping Wisdom Teeth?
Leaving problem wisdom teeth untreated can increase the risk of repeated infections, decay, gum disease and in rare cases, the development of cysts. Partially erupted teeth are particularly vulnerable, as they create pockets where bacteria can thrive. That said, with good oral hygiene and professional monitoring, many people experience no long term complications.
Is Extraction A Straightforward Procedure?
Wisdom tooth extraction is common and usually performed under local anaesthetic, though sedation or general anaesthetic may be used for more complex cases. While some discomfort and swelling is normal after surgery, most people recover fully within a week or two. Complications such as dry socket or infection can occur but are relatively rare when aftercare instructions are followed.
Wisdom tooth extraction is usually performed under local anaesthetic, though sedation or general anaesthetic may be used for more complex cases.
What Should You Do If You Are Unsure?
If you are not sure whether your wisdom teeth need to be removed, the best step is to get in touch with The Perio Centre! We can arrange for an appointment to assess your specific case.
Our expert team will carry out a physical examination and X-rays, and give you clear advice based on your individual dental health. The decision will depend on your symptoms, tooth positioning and potential for future problems.
The Bottom Line
In short, not all wisdom teeth need to be extracted. Many people live with theirs perfectly comfortably, while others may require removal due to pain, infection or alignment issues. The key lies in regular dental check-ups, early identification of problems and personalised advice based on clinical need rather than assumption.
Dr Simon Stern is a registered Specialist Periodontist at The Perio Centre. His qualifications include BDS MJDF RCS (Eng) MClinDent MPerio RCS (Ed). He lectures at both national and international conferences, and has published papers in several well-respected journals.
